 ISSN- 2348-5191 (Print version); 2348-8980 (Online) |
|
Fecal Carriage of ESbL types TEM, SHV, CTX Producing Genera Proteus, Morganella, Providencia in Patients of Iran
Mohammad Taghi Akhi1, Pourya Gholizadeh, Reza Ghotaslu, Mohammad Asgharzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Sourush, Behrouz Naghilli, Peyman Gholmohammadi, Abed zahedi Bialvaei
Abstract
Diseases like urinary tract infection, wound infections, bacteremia and other infections are mainly caused by the members of the genus Proteus, Morganella and Providencia which are mainly either found freely in the environment or in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. We studied Fecal carriage of ESbL producing species in carrier patients.Stool samples obtained from outpatients and inpatients not suffering from diarrhea and were cultured in CTX-MC-Conkey agar. Lactose negative and cefotaxime resistant bacteria were identified by biochemical tests and ESbL-producing isolates were detected using Combined Test. TEM, SHV and CTX genes were investigated by PCR.Total 15 (7.35%) isolates of 204 stool samples were identified as ESBL producing Proteus spp. (n=4, 1.96%), Morganella spp. (n=5, 2.45%) and Providencia spp. (n=6, 2.94%). Further, amongst or of the 15 ESbL producing strains, blaTEM was the commonest genotype (86.66%), followed by blaSHV (26.66%) and blaCTX-M (20%). All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, and cefotaxime whereas all Providencia and Morganella spp. were found to resist ceftazidime. Although the number of ESbL-producing Proteus, Morganella and Providencia isolates from fecal carriers were low, but still, they can be considered as a reservoir of TEM, SHV and CTX genes and capable to transfer these resistant bacteria to hospitals.
References
Akhi, M.T., Asl, S.B., Pirzadeh, T., Naghili, B., Yeganeh, F., Memar, Y. & Mohammadzadeh, Y. (2015): Antibiotic Sensitivity of Clostridium perfringens Isolated From Faeces in Tabriz, Iran. Jundishapur J. Microb., 8(7):e20863.
Aubert, D., Naas, T., Lartigue, M-F. & Nordmann, P. (2005): Novel genetic structure associated with an extended-spectrum â-lactamase blaVEB gene in a Providencia stuartii clinical isolate from Algeria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 49(8):3590-3592.
Bali, E.B., Acik, L. & Sultan, N. (2010): Phenotypic and molecular characterization of SHV, TEM, CTX-M and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase produced by Escherichia coli, Acinobacter baumannii and Klebsiella isolates in a Turkish hospital. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res ., 4(8):650-654.
Bradford, P.A. (2001): Extended-spectrum b-lactamases in the 21st century: characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 14(4):933-951.
CLSI. (2014): Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S24. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Chong, Y., Shimoda, S., Yakushiji, H., Ito, Y., Miyamoto, T., Kamimura, T, , Shimono, N, Akashi, K. (2013): Community spread of extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis: a long-term study in Japan. J. Med. Microbio.,62(Pt 7):1038-1043.
Denton, M. (2007): Enterobacteriaceae. Int J. Antimicrob. Agents, 29:S9-S22.
Dropa, M., Balsalobre, L.C., Lincopan, N., Mamizuka, E.M., Murakami, T., Cassettari, V.C., Franco, F., Guida, S.M., Balabakis, A.J., Passadore, L.F., Santos, S.R., Matté, G.R., Matté, M.H. (2009): Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae isolated in a public hospital in Brazil. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo, 51(4):203-209.
Franceschini, N., Perilli, M., Segatore, B., Setacci, D., Amicosante, G., Mazzariol, A. & Cornaglia, G. (1998): Ceftazidime and Aztreonam Resistance in Providencia stuartii: Characterization of a Natural TEM-Derived ExtendedSpectrum b-Lactamase, TEM-60. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42(6):1459-1462.
Geser, N., Stephan, R., Korczak, B.M., Beutin, L. & Hächler, H. (2011): Molecular identification of blaESbL genes from Enterobacteriaceae isolated from healthy human carriers in Switzerland. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., doi: 10.1128/AAC.05539-11.
Gupta, A., Ampofo, K., Rubenstein, D. & Saiman, L. (2003): Extended spectrum b-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: a review of the literature. J. Perinatol., 23(6):439-43.
Kader, A.A., Kumar, A. & Kamath, K.A. (2007): Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum b-lactamaseproducing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients and asymptomatic healthy individuals. Infect. Control, 28(09):1114-1116.
Lagacé-Wiens, P.R., Nichol, K.A., Nicolle, L.E., DeCorby, M.R., McCracken, M., Alfa, M.J., Mulver, M.R. & Zhanel, G. (2007): ESbL genotypes in fluoroquinolone-resistant and fluoroquinolone-susceptible ESbL-producing Escherichia coli urinary isolates in Manitoba. Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol., 18(2):133-137.
Lucet, J-C., Chevret, S., Decré, D., Vanjak, D., Macrez, A., Bédos, J-P., Wolff, M., Regnier, B. (1996): Outbreak of multiply resistant Enterobacteriaceae in an intensive care unit: epidemiology and risk factors for acquisition. Clin. Infect. Dis., 22(3):430-436.
Luvsansharav, U-O, Hirai, I., Nakata, A., Imura, K., Yamauchi, K., Niki, M, Komalamisra, C., Kusolsuk, T. & Yamamoto, Y. (2012): Prevalence of and risk factors associated with faecal carriage of CTX-M b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in rural Thai communities. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 67(7):1769-1774.
Mahrouki, S., Chihi, H., Bourouis, A., Moussa, M.B. & Belhadj, O. (2014): First characterization of a Providencia stuartii clinical isolate from a Tunisian intensive care unit coproducing VEB-1-a, OXA-2, qnrA6 and aac (6')-Ib-cr determinants. Braz. J. Infect. Dis., 18(2):211-214.
Malekjamshidi, M.R., Shahcheraghi, F. & Feizabadi, M.M. (2010): Detection and PFGE analysis of ESBL-producing isolates of Proteus species isolated from patients at Tehran hospitals. Med. Sci. Monit. Basic Res., 16(10):BR327-BR32.
Mesa, R.J., Blanc, V., Blanch, A.R., Cortés, P., González, J.J., Lavilla, S., Miró, E., Muniesa, M., Saco, M., Tórtola, M.T., Mirelis, B., Coll, P., Llagostera, M., Prats, G. & Navarro, F. (2006): Extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in different environments (humans, food, animal farms and sewage). J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 58(1):211-215.
Miró, E., Mirelis, B., Navarro, F., Rivera, A., Mesa, R.J., Roig, M.C., Gómez, L. & Coll, P. (2005): Surveillance of extended-spectrum b-lactamases from clinical samples and faecal carriers in Barcelona, Spain. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 56(6):1152-1155.
Nakano, R., Nakano, A., Abe, M., Inoue, M. & Okamoto, R. (2012): Regional outbreak of CTX-M-2 b-lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis in Japan. J. Med. Microbiol., 61(Pt 12):1727-1735.
O'Hara, C.M., Brenner, F.W. & Miller, J.M. (2000): Classification, identification, and clinical significance of Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 13(4):534-546.
Poirel, L., Guibert, M., Girlich, D., Naas, T. & Nordmann, P. (1999): Cloning, sequence analyses, expression, and distribution of ampC-ampR from Morganella morganii clinical isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 43(4):769-76.
Ranjbar, R., Sadeghifard, N., Ahmadi, A., Izadi, M., Zaeimi-Yazdi, J., Ghasemi A, Qurbanalizadgan, M., & Rostamzad, A. (2007): Antimicrobial Susceptibility and AP-PCR Typing of Acinetobacter Spp. Strains. Iran. J. Pub. Health, 36(4):50-56.
Saharman, Y.R. & Lestari, D.C. Phenotype characterization of Beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2011. Acta. Med. Indones-Indones J. Intern. Med., 45(1):11-16.
Sharma, M., Pathak, S. & Srivastava, P. (2013): Prevalence and antibiogram of Extended Spectrum b-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacilli and further molecular characterization of ESbL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. J. Clin. Diagn. Res.,7(10):2173-2177.
Tängdén, T., Cars, O., Melhus, Å. & Löwdin, E. (2010): Foreign travel is a major risk factor for colonization with Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-type extended-spectrum b-lactamases: a prospective study with Swedish volunteers. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 54(9):3564-3568.
Tumbarello, M., Citton, R., Spanu, T., Sanguinetti, M., Romano, L., Fadda, G. & Cauda, R. (2004): ESbL-producing multidrug-resistant Providencia stuartii infections in a university hospital. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 53(2):277-282.
Valverde, A., Coque, T.M., Sánchez-Moreno, M.P., Rollán, A., Baquero, F. & Cantón, R. (2004): Dramatic increase in prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum â-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae during nonoutbreak situations in Spain. J. Clin. Microbiol., 42(10):4769-4775.
DOI:10.21276/ambi.2016.03.2.ra06
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Published by: National Cave Research and Protection Organization, India
<Environmental Science+Zoology+Geology+Cave Science>AMBIENT SCIENCE
| | | |
|